While vetting a charity can be challenging in any environment, vetting a charity without interacting in person can be especially challenging. In this three-part blog series, I hope to share a few tips to help you pick and support amazing charities from the comfort of your home.
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Contributed by: Jaclyn Jackson, CAP®
In part one of our "How to Pick a Charity...During a Pandemic" blog series, we discussed key documents to help identify a great nonprofit. In part two of our series, I'll show you how to determine whether money donated to nonprofits goes towards their programs & initiatives.
On A Mission
We understand a nonprofit is on a mission when they dedicate the majority of their resources toward implementing the programs that support the communities they aim to serve. While we generally assume the best of charities, sometimes a tiny voice in our minds ponders if our contribution actually helps people in need. Do our donations really support service programs? If you've ever heard that small voice, this number (with the help of your Certified Public Accountant, or CPA), can give you insight about a nonprofit's program spending habits:
The Program Expense Percentage, also known as The Program Efficiency Ratio, divides the organization's program expenses by the organization's total expenses. (Your CPA can use the charity's Form 990 to calculate this percentage.)
While the program expense percentage varies by service provided and operating expenses needed to provide the service, experts recommend the percentage be at least 65%. In other words, 65% or more of the charity's resources (as evaluated by expenses) should be used for programming. If you can find two to three years of 990 forms for a nonprofit, you can determine spending trends. Charities that consistently underspend on their programs and services do not have as strong an impact on their charitable missions.
Before we chop off any heads, it is also important to understand the nonprofit's program "stage". For example, if the program is new or is trying to expand, more than ordinary operational expenses (staff hires, technology, etc.) may be required to catapult programming. Having data is great, but pairing data with accurate analysis is better. Talk to the nonprofit about discrepancies, so your analysis is accurate.
Pro Tip: Pay attention to whether the charity practices "joint cost allocation". Joint cost allocation lumps fundraising with the charity's program expenses. This tactic blurs the line between resources spent on solicitation and service programs. If you bump into this practice, get clear about the type of charity you want to support. It may be appropriate for lobbying or public awareness organizations to use joint cost allocation, but you may not be able to deduct your donation to those types of organizations. On the other hand, joint cost allocation may be a red flag for service-based nonprofits.
Phone a Friend
I want to emphasize, rely on your support team to do the math for you. A CPA can help you crunch numbers as well as compare 990s to annual reports and financial statements. This is especially helpful if any of the documents are vague or missing information. If you need your gifting efforts to consider your tax or estate planning needs, ask your financial planner (that is why we are here!) for help.
Reminder: If you plan on donating this year, don't forget tax-advantaged opportunities extended to donors through the CARES Act:
In addition to the standard deduction, non-itemizers can take an above-the-line deduction for $300 of charitable contributions per person. Joint filers can deduct up to $600. Additionally, itemizers can now deduct donations up to 100% of their AGI.
Are you working on your year-end tax planning? Check this out! Have questions? Don't hesitate to reach out: contact@centerfinplan.com.
Make sure to check out part one of this blog series here!
Jaclyn Jackson, CAP® is a Portfolio Manager at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® She manages client portfolios and performs investment research.
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