Qualified Charitable Distributions: Giving Money While Saving It

Contributed by: Nick Defenthaler, CFP®

Late last year, the Qualified Charitable Distribution (QCD) from IRAs for those over the age of 70 ½ was permanently extended through the Protecting Americans from Tax Hikes (PATH) Act of 2015. Previously, the QCD was constantly being renewed at the 11th hour in late December, making it extremely difficult for clients and financial planners to properly plan throughout the year. If you’re over the age of 70 ½ and give to charity each year, the QCD could potentially make sense for you. 

QCD Refresher

The Qualified Charitable Distribution only applies if you’re at least 70 ½ years old. It essentially allows you to donate your entire Required Minimum Distribution (RMD) directly to a charity and avoid taxation on the dollars coming from your IRA. Normally, any distribution from an IRA is considered ordinary income from a tax perspective, however, by utilizing the QCD the distribution from the IRA is not considered taxable if the dollars go directly to a charity or 501(c)(3) organization.    

Let’s look at an example:

Sandy, let’s say, recently turned 70 ½ in July 2016 – this is the first year she has to take a Required Minimum Distribution (RMD) from her IRA which happens to be $25,000. Sandy is very charitably inclined and on average, gifts nearly $30,000/year to her church. Being that she does not really need the proceeds from her RMD, but has to take it out of her IRA this year, she can have the $25,000 directly transferred to her church either by check or electronic deposit. She would then avoid paying tax on the distribution. Since Sandy is in the 28% tax bracket, this will save her approximately $7,000 in federal taxes!

Rules to Consider

As with any strategy such as the QCD, there are rules and nuances that are important to keep in mind to ensure proper execution:

• Only distributions from IRAs are permitted for the QCD. Simple and SEP IRAs must be “inactive.”

  • Employer plans such as a 401k, 403b, 457 do not allow for the QCD.

  • The QCD is permitted within a Roth IRA but this would not make sense from a tax perspective being that Roth IRA withdrawals are tax-free by age 70 ½. *

• Must be 70 ½ at the time the QCD is processed.

• The funds from the QCD must go directly to the charity – the funds cannot go to you as the client first and then out to the charity.

• The most you can give to charity through the QCD in a given year is $100,000, even if this figure exceeds the actual amount of your RMD.

The QCD can be a powerful way to achieve one’s philanthropic goals while also being tax-efficient. The amount of money saved from being intentional with how you gift funds to charity can potentially keep more money in your pocket, which ultimately means there’s more to give to the organizations you are passionate about. Later this month, we will be hosting an educational webinar on philanthropic giving – click here to learn more and register, we hope to “see” you there!

Roth IRA owners must be 59½ or older and have held the IRA for five years before tax-free withdrawals are permitted.

Nick Defenthaler, CFP® is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Nick works closely with Center clients and is also the Director of The Center’s Financial Planning Department. He is also a frequent contributor to the firm’s blogs and educational webinars.

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The foregoing information has been obtained from sources considered to be reliable, but we do not guarantee that it is accurate or complete. Any opinions are those of Nick Defenthaler and are not necessarily those of Raymond James. Please note, changes in tax laws may occur at any time and could have a substantial impact upon each person's situation. While we are familiar with the tax provisions of the issues presented herein, as Financial Advisors of RJFS, we are not qualified to render advice on tax or legal matters. You should discuss tax or legal matters with the appropriate professional.

Adjusting the Secret Sauce in your Financial Plan

Contributed by: Laurie Renchik, CFP®, MBA

Investing in your financial future is a journey that doesn’t start or stop at retirement. Creating financial independence to support your future is a work in progress practiced over a lifetime. While it is reasonable to assume that the approach for a 35-year-old may not be appropriate for a 55-year-old, there is a common thread that emerges regardless of age. As priorities shift and circumstances change, financial plans and investment portfolios need periodic adjustments to stay in sync with your life. If your life journey is anything like mine, some plans work out perfectly and others may require course corrections to stay on track. I have found that the secret sauce is not just THE financial plan; but rather the consistent financial planning process along the way.

Let’s consider a 55-year old with a plan to retire in five years at the age of 60. In this transition period, the focus is shifting from saving and accumulating to preparing to withdraw income from retirement accounts; commonly referred to as the distribution phase. Having the confidence to retire without worry of spending down the nest egg too quickly is a common concern for folks in this transition phase. Sustaining the nest egg especially in the face of events that are beyond control—like market corrections, changing economic backdrops, and business cycles—are why financial plans and investment management go hand and hand.

I have found that considering a range of “what-if” scenarios in order to address concerns before retirement is a productive approach to addressing an unknown future that could unfold during your retired years.

1. Market corrections:  In the early years of retirement, a portfolio that goes down in value during a market correction may suffer initially and cause stress for the recent retiree.
   
   ACTION: Don’t panic. When things go in directions we don’t like, the natural inclination is to take action. To avoid a reactive response, start out with a properly diversified portfolio which includes appropriate asset allocation, ready cash on hand to support income needs, as well as a process for monitoring the big picture. Review your plan for confirmation.    
    

2.  Inflation is higher than expected: With inflation, things cost more over time eroding the value of savings especially when considering a 30 or 40-year retirement.
   
   ACTION: We don’t know how much inflation will spike or fall in the future. Model a range of scenarios in your baseline income assumptions to understand the potential impact. Revisit the areas of rising costs in your plan as part of your review process. Your financial plan should be built to withstand uncertainties.
    

3. Lower than anticipated market returns: A plan that is monitored consistently and customized to your long-term retirement goals can include the analysis and financial independence calculations to easily take into consideration lower than expected returns. 

ACTION: Build in a margin of safety in your baseline assumptions as a buffer to absorb the impact of lower than expected market returns. Put yourself in the best position to achieve your goals by prioritizing in advance where you can make incremental changes so that clarity and purpose are fundamental to your decision. 

Life has a wonderful, unpredictable way of introducing lots of sticky details into the mix. Your financial planner can help with the details and changes needed to take care of your nest egg by working with you to adjust the secret sauce as needed along the way.

Laurie Renchik, CFP®, MBA is a Partner and Senior Financial Planner at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® In addition to working with women who are in the midst of a transition (career change, receiving an inheritance, losing a life partner, divorce or remarriage), Laurie works with clients who are planning for retirement. Laurie is a member of the Leadership Oakland Alumni Association and is a frequent contributor to Money Centered.

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Asset allocation and diversification do not ensure a profit or guarantee against loss.

Medicare Open Enrollment

Contributed by: Kali Hassinger, CFP®

As the weather changes and fall begins, there seems to be a general shift from the summer mindset to a more focused fall mentality.  Maybe it’s because, even well into adulthood, we’re accustomed to that “back-to-school” switch.  If you are currently enrolled in Medicare (not quite school, but significant nonetheless!), fall will continue to mark an important time of year because the Medicare open enrollment period begins on October 15th and lasts until December 7th.  This is the time when Medicare participants can update their health plans and prescription drug coverage for the following year. 

If you participate in a Medicare health and/or prescription plan, it’s important to be sure that your coverage will continue to meet your needs in the year to come.  Plans will send out notification materials if coverage is changing, but, even if it isn’t, it may be worth comparing your current coverage to other options.  If you are thinking of updating your coverage, there are several items that you should consider. 

Other coverage options:

If you are currently covered by or eligible for coverage through another provider, such as your former employer, you’ll want to understand how this plan works with Medicare.  Most retiree plans are designed to coincide with Medicare for those 65 and older, but you’ll want to be sure that the premiums and plan benefits are more advantageous than the open market Medicare options.

Cost:

This may seem like a given, but there are several cost factors to take into consideration.  Premiums, deductibles, and other costs can add up throughout the year, so it’s important to have a grasp of the plan’s monthly AND annual expenses.

Accessibility: 

Are the doctors and pharmacies who participate in this plan convenient for you?  If you have a current doctor or pharmacy that you want to continue using, be sure that they are in network.

Quality of Coverage:

Perhaps another seemingly obvious but important consideration, quality of coverage means how well does the plan actually cover the services you need.   Some plans require referrals and limit (or won’t provide) coverage if you go out of network.  If you have ongoing prescriptions, make sure the drugs are covered and that you understand any rules that may affect your prescription in the future.  

It’s important to understand and compare your Medicare options, but it’s easy to be overwhelmed by the process.  Raymond James partners with a group called Health Plan One to help clients strike the right balance between appropriate coverage and healthcare costs.  Our office has the opportunity to host a webinar with HPOne on October 23rd at 1:00 PM, and you can register for the webinar by clicking here.

Kali Hassinger, CFP® is an Associate Financial Planner at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.®

Planning for Health Insurance and Medical Expenses in Retirement

Contributed by: Matt Trujillo, CFP®

At any age, health care is a priority. However, when you retire, you will probably focus more on health care than ever before. Staying healthy is your goal, and this can mean more visits to the doctor for preventive tests and routine checkups. There's also a chance that your health will decline as you grow older, increasing your need for costly prescription drugs or medical treatments. That's why having the right health insurance for you is extremely important.

If you are 65 or older when you retire, your worries may lessen when it comes to paying for health care--you are most likely eligible for certain health benefits from Medicare, a federal health insurance program available upon your 65th birthday. But if you retire before age 65, you'll need some way to pay for your health care until Medicare kicks in. Generous employers may offer extensive health insurance coverage to their retiring employees, but this is the exception rather than the rule. If your employer doesn't extend health benefits to you, you may need to buy a private health insurance policy (which may be costly), extend your employer-sponsored coverage through COBRA, or purchase an individual health insurance policy through either a state-based or the federal health insurance Exchange Marketplace.

But remember, Medicare won't pay for long-term care if you ever need it. You'll need to pay for that out of pocket, rely on benefits from long-term care insurance (LTCI), or if your assets and/or income are low enough, you may qualify for Medicaid.

As mentioned, most Americans automatically become entitled to Medicare when they turn 65. In fact, if you're already receiving Social Security benefits, you won't even have to apply--you'll be automatically enrolled in Medicare. However, you will have to decide whether you need only Part A coverage (which is premium-free for most retirees) or if you want to also purchase Part B coverage. Part A, commonly referred to as the hospital insurance portion of Medicare, can help pay for your home health care, hospice care, and inpatient hospital care. Part B helps cover other medical care such as physician care, laboratory tests, and physical therapy. If you want to pay fewer out-of-pocket health-care costs, you may also choose to enroll in a managed care plan, or private fee-for-service plan under Medicare Part C (Medicare Advantage). If you don't already have adequate prescription drug coverage, you should also consider joining a Medicare prescription drug plan offered in your area by a private company or insurer that has been approved by Medicare.

Medigap Policies:

Unfortunately, Medicare won't cover all of your health-care expenses. For some types of care, you'll have to satisfy a deductible and make co-payments. That's why many retirees purchase a Medigap policy.

Unless you can afford to pay for the things that Medicare doesn't cover, including the annual co-payments and deductibles that apply to certain types of care, you may want to buy some type of Medigap policy when you sign up for Medicare Part B. There are 10 standard Medigap policies available. Each of these policies offers certain basic core benefits, and all but the most basic policy (Plan A) offer various combinations of additional benefits designed to cover what Medicare does not. Although not all Medigap plans are available in every state, you should be able to find a plan that best meets your needs and your budget.

When you first enroll in Medicare Part B at age 65 or older, you have a six-month Medigap open enrollment period. During that time, you have a right to buy the Medigap policy of your choice from a private insurance company, regardless of any health problems you may have. The company cannot refuse you a policy or charge you more than other open enrollment applicants.

Long-term care insurance and Medicaid:

The possibility of a prolonged stay in a nursing home weighs heavily on the minds of many older Americans and their families. That's hardly surprising, especially considering the high cost of long-term care.

Many people in their 50s and 60s look into purchasing Long Term Care Insurance (LTCI). A good LTCI policy can cover the cost of care in a nursing home, an assisted-living facility, or even your own home. If you're interested, don't wait too long to buy it--you'll need to be in good health. In addition, the older you are, the higher the premium you'll pay.

You may also be able to rely on Medicaid to pay for long-term care if your assets and/or income are low enough to allow you to qualify. But check first with a financial professional or an attorney experienced in Medicaid planning. The rules surrounding this issue are numerous, complicated and can affect you, your spouse, and your beneficiaries and/or heirs.

The issue of how to properly plan for health insurance in retirement is complex and multi-faceted. As with many aspects of good financial health I recommend working with a qualified professional to address your evolving health care needs, and to ensure that you and your family have the proper coverage for your circumstances.

Matthew Trujillo, CFP®, is a Certified Financial Planner™ at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Matt currently assists Center planners and clients, and is a contributor to Money Centered.

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This information has been obtained from sources considered to be reliable, but we do not guarantee that it is accurate or complete. Long Term Care insurance policies have exclusions and/or limitations. The cost and availability of Long Term Care insurance depend on factors such as age, health, and the type and amount of insurance purchased. As with most financial decisions, there are expenses associated with the purchase of Long Term Care insurance. Guarantees are based on the claims paying ability of the insurance company.

Webinar in Review: A Beginners Guide for Those Just Starting Out

Contributed by: Emily Lucido

With a little bit of wit and a whole lot of information, Kali Hassinger, CFP® and Josh Bitel, Client Service Associate, recently presented a webinar that provided young folks with a broad guide for how to start their financial lives off on the right foot. As we found out during the presentation, making smart choices early can make life easier in the long run.

Although Millennials have an average debt of 50% in just student loans, they are doing better than most people might think. About 80% have a budget and 72% are saving for retirement. (Source: http://bit.ly/2bBC3vG). If you are a Millennial and are reading and thinking, “I’m not saving for retirement and I don’t have a budget,” that’s okay! Even by taking small steps now, you can make a huge difference rather than waiting. There are a lot of different factors to think about when tackling financials in the “real world.” The first step is to get organized.

Spending vs. Saving

You can spend smarter by following these tips below:

• Stay Organized - which can include setting up account notifications & alerts

  • These notifications can be set up for when you complete a transaction, or if your balance falls below a specific amount (you can set the minimum balance amount yourself)

  • The notifications can also be good for detecting fraud

• Applications & Technology

  • There are a ton of free apps out there that can help with any situation, just google your need and you can find something suitable for you

• Figuring out your Credit Score

  • Credit Karma gives you free access to your credit score and is highly secure

  • What determines your credit score?
    ~ Check out our blog that breaks down your credit score composition!

  • When building credit and using credit cards, you want to make sure to use only around or below 30% of your available credit

  • Watch for annual fees on credit cards; see if opening the card is worth the annual fee you will end up paying

  • Set up auto pay on all your bills with your credit card to benefit with cash back and rewards

  • To avoid ATM fees, go to the store and buy something small (like a pack of gum) and then get cash back on that purchase

• Student Loans

  • Student loans are something you want to start paying down right away – and if you can make more than just the minimum payment, try to do that

  • Make sure your payments are being allocated toward your highest interest loan

  • A good resource to show you every student loan you have, whether federal or private is, Annualcreditreport.com

Saving is so important, and to start sooner can make such a big difference in the long run. These tip s help with how to smartly save money:

• Cash Savings

  • In case of emergency it’s good to have six months of living expenses in a savings account

• Investing Early

  • The graph below demonstrations how investing your savings early can really benefit you in the long run

  • In the example below Chloe started investing from age 25 and almost reaches $2 million dollars by the age of 65, while we see Noah saves from age 25 (the same amount of money) and just let it sit in cash and only obtained about $653,000 by the age of 65.

• Retirement Savings

  • Although retirement might seem far away, it is important to be forward thinking and plan ahead

  • Employer plans are a great opportunity to save money if your company offers one - always remember to contribute at least the match if you can

• If your employer doesn’t offer a retirement plan you can still invest through a Roth IRA or Traditional IRA. Depending on your situation a Roth or an IRA could work for you.

• Taxes – some quick tips

  • The more money you make, the more you pay in taxes!

  • You can write off student loan interest of up to $2,500 per year

  • TurboTax® is a great online resource for doing your taxes with a 100% accurate calculation guarantee

• Insurance

  • Insurance is something that is so important – but something that can be overlooked when we are young

  • Staying on your parents health coverage until age of 26 is great – but don’t just assume it’s the best option because you aren’t paying anything

  • Remember to get renters insurance when living in an apartment – you never know when you might need it!

The last thing to remember is the 28/36 Rule. Your housing expenses should not exceed 28% of your gross monthly income while your total debt payments should not exceed 36%. Remember, the earlier you start saving the better – and any place you start at is good.

Take 30 minutes to view the webinar below and get the full details of Kali and Josh’s discussion. If you have any questions, please reach out to us -- we’re here to help!

Emily Lucido is a Client Service Associate at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.®

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The information contained in this blog does not purport to be a complete description of the securities, markets, or developments referred to in this material. The information has been obtained from sources considered to be reliable, but we do not guarantee that the foregoing material is accurate or complete. Any opinions are those of Emily Lucido and not necessarily those of Raymond James. There is no guarantee that these statements, opinions or forecasts provided herein will prove to be correct. You should discuss any tax or legal matters with the appropriate professional. Prior to making an investment decision, please consult with your financial advisor about your individual situation. Links are being provided for information purposes only. Raymond James is not affiliated with and does not endorse, authorize or sponsor any of the listed websites or their respective sponsors. Raymond James is not responsible for the content of any website or the collection or use of information regarding any website's users and/or members.

Preparing for Retirement: How Much Fixed Income Should I Have?

Contributed by: Nick Defenthaler, CFP®

How much guaranteed income (i.e., Social Security, pension and annuity income) should I have in retirement? This is a question I hear quite often from clients who are nearing, or entering, retirement and are seeking our guidance on how to create a tax-efficient and well-diversified retirement paycheck. 

“The 50% Rule”

Although every situation is unique, in most cases, we want to see roughly 50% or more of a retiree’s spending needs satisfied by fixed income. For example, if your goal is to spend $140,000 before-tax (gross) in retirement, ideally, we’d want to see roughly $70,000 or more come from a combination of Social Security, pension, or an annuity income stream. 

Below is an illustration we frequently use with clients to help show where their retirement paycheck will be coming from. The chart also displays the portfolio withdrawal rate to give clients an idea if their desired spending level is realistic or not over the long-term.

Cash Targets

Once we have an idea of what is required to come from your actual portfolio to supplement your spending goal, we’ll typically leave 6 – 12 months (or more depending of course on someone’s risk tolerance) of cash on the “sidelines” to help shield these funds from volatility and ensure money available for your short term cash needs. Believe it or not, since 1980, the average intra-year market decline for the S&P 500 has been 14.1%. Over the course of those 37 years, however, 28 of them have ended the year in positive territory (source:  JP Morgan).  We believe market declines are imminent, and we want to plan ahead to help mitigate their potential impact. By having cash available at all times for your spending needs, it allows you to still receive income from your portfolio while giving it time to “heal” and recover – something that typically occurs within a 12 month time frame. 

As you enter the home stretch of your working career, it’s very important to begin dialing in on what you’re actually spending now compared to what you’d like to spend in retirement. Sometimes the numbers are very close but often times, they are quite different.  As clients approach retirement, we work together to help determine this magic number and provide analysis on whether or not the spending goal is sustainable over the long-term. From there, it’s our job to help re-create a retirement paycheck for you that meets your own unique goals. Don’t hesitate to reach out if we can ever offer a first or second opinion on the best way to create your own retirement paycheck.

Nick Defenthaler, CFP® is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Nick works closely with Center clients and is also the Director of The Center’s Financial Planning Department. He is also a frequent contributor to the firm’s blogs and educational webinars.

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Opinions expressed are those of Nick Defenthaler, CFP®, and are not necessarily those of Raymond James. There is no assurance the forecasts provided herein will prove to be correct. This information has been obtained from sources deemed to be reliable but we do not guarantee that it is accurate or complete. This information is not a complete summary or statement of all available data necessary for making an investment decision and does not constitute a recommendation. The S&P 500 is an unmanaged index of 500 widely held stocks that is generally considered representative of the U.S. stock market. Please note direct investment in any index is not possible. Annuity guarantees are subject to the issuing company's ability to pay for them.

Ford Buyout: Knowing your Options

Contributed by: Nick Defenthaler, CFP®

Over the past month, Ford has extended buyout offers to nearly 15,000 of its salaried employees. The offer, in most cases, contains two main components – a severance package or an enhancement of your retirement benefit from Ford.  Below is a high-level breakdown of some of the key points of the offer:

Special Incentive Program (SIP) and Select Retirement Program (SRP)

• Up to 18 months’ severance

• Retirement benefit enhancement

  • Credit for three additional years of age and three years of service for calculating benefits under the General Retirement Plan (GRP), Benefit Equalization Plan (BEP), and Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (SERP)

  • This can translate into a nearly 15% increase over your normal benefit

• Must retire no later than September 30, 2017

  • This means up to 27 months of income received in 2017 which more than likely means higher tax brackets for those accepting the offer

• Access to reemployment assistance from Ford for six months

• Health insurance – type of coverage will depend on if you were hired before or after 6/1/2001

• Life insurance – eligible to maintain if you were hired on or after 1/1/2004, are age 55 or older with at least ten years of service, or are age 65 with at least five years of service upon termination

• Vacation

  • Regular – accrued through your last day on pay roll, unused accrued vacation is paid out if the last day on pay roll is prior to year-end

  • Purchased – unused days are forfeited

Buyouts from Ford or any of the “Big Three” are nothing new. As always, however, a thoughtful analysis should be completed when ultimately making a decision on whether to stay employed with Ford or to retire early. Many of the offers extended will be virtually the same, but everyone’s situation is different. If you’ve received an offer from Ford and would like our take on how that offer could impact your own long-term financial game plan, don’t hesitate to reach out to us for guidance. 

P.S. I did a webinar on this topic where I dug deep into the nuances of the offer and discussed some planning opportunities you might consider if you decide to retire early. Check out the replay below!

Nick Defenthaler, CFP® is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Nick works closely with Center clients and is also the Director of The Center’s Financial Planning Department. He is also a frequent contributor to the firm’s blogs and educational webinars.

The Potential Impacts of Student Loans on your Credit Score

Contributed by: Josh Bitel

For those of us lucky enough to have entered the work force in the past few years, student loan repayment can cause a significant impact, either positive or negative, on your credit score.

Getting Started

Beginning to repay these loans after the precious six to nine month grace period has expired can affect your ability to obtain other credit if not handled properly. One way to find out how you’re being affected is to pull a copy of your credit report. There are three major credit reporting agencies (Experian, Equifax, and Trans Union) and you should get a copy of your credit report from each one (click here to read our blog on how to get your free annual credit report. Student loan institutions aren’t required to report information to all three bureaus, although many do, which is important to keep in mind. If you're repaying your student loans on time, these disciplined repayments will actually help your credit score. Conversely, if you are delinquent on payments or worse, default on your loans, your credit report can take a beating, potentially crippling your chances of obtaining other credit.

Credit Score Factors

Many different factors are used to determine your credit score. Some of these factors are more crucial than others. Among these critical factors are:

• Your payment history. Meaning the consistency and punctuality of payments and how long your payment history is.

• Your outstanding debt and amounts you owe on these accounts. How close your account balances are to your defined limits is also taken into consideration.

• How long you've had credit. How long specific accounts have been open, and how long it has been since you've used each account

• New credit and new inquiries. This means outstanding applications for new credit as well as additional inquiries for your credit reports, whether by institutions or yourself, can impact your credit score.

• For a deeper look at your credit score composition, check out our blog from last year.

How Student Loans Can Affect your Credit Score

If you consistently make your student loan payments on time, your credit score should not be negatively affected. A nice tip to ensure consistency is to set up an auto-pay from a bank account. Most loan institutions will allow you to set up an automatic withdraw from your bank account, eliminating the need to remember to pay each month. As an added bonus, some institutions may even offer an interest rate discount for setting this up!

Prospective creditors may look at other factors when analyzing your debt, and student loans can make this tricky. One example of this may be if you are in a lower-paying job, this makes your debt-to-income ratio unfavorable for some creditors. Another example may be your principal balances being largely unchanged in the early stages of repayment, which is common with long term repayment schedules, and some lenders may view this as a lack of paying down debt.

It is important to monitor your credit history from all three bureaus regularly. If you find that your repayment history is not being reported correctly, contact your lender to make this correction.

Suggestions to Help Reduce the Burden

Being overburdened with debt can feel suffocating, here are some suggestions to take some weight off your shoulders:

• Pay off your student loan debt as fast as possible. Doing so will help reduce your debt-to-income ratio, even if your income doesn't increase, which can make your credit score more favorable to lenders.

• If you're struggling to repay your student loans and are considering asking for forbearance, ask your lender about any other options you may have. Interest-only payments are a cheaper alternative, although they may not reduce principal.

• Ask your lender about a graduated repayment option. This means making smaller payments in the early years of the loan, with larger payments coming in the later years.

• If you're really strapped, you can explore longer term options. Much like a home, when a longer repayment term is selected, you will likely be paying more in interest over the life of the loan, but the monthly payment can be significantly reduced.

• If all else fails, don’t ignore your student loans. Generally these loans won’t be discharged even in a bankruptcy situation. Talk to your lender about the options available for you, this can be crucial to maintaining a favorable credit history.

If you have any questions about refinancing your student loans or improving your credit score, please contact your Financial Planner here at The Center, we’re always happy to help!

Josh Bitel is a Client Service Associate at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.®

Dealing with the Loss of a Spouse

Contributed by: Sandra Adams, CFP®, CeFT™

Whether you have time to prepare for it or it is sudden, the loss of a spouse is one of life’s most traumatic events. For most, it means the loss of one’s soul mate and life partner, one with whom so many past memories and future goals and dreams are woven.  If you have recently lost a spouse or know someone who has, it is an understatement to say that there is an initial feeling of being overwhelmed – there is so much to do at a time when you feel the least capable (and the one with whom you’ve always shared the decision making duties in the past is no longer there to help you). There seem to be lots of people around but you are feeling numb, lost, and alone. 

To make things a little easier to handle at this time, you can break things down into things you really need to do now, things that need to be done soon, and things that can be done later. 

There are very few things that need to be done immediately/now (see my previous blog: Dealing with Death: A Financial Guide). We often encourage clients at this time to do only what is absolutely necessary and leave any bigger decisions for much later when you find yourself in a better place where you can think more clearly and confidently. This space we provide is called the Decision Free Zone – it gives you permission for yourself (and others) to not make any big decisions until you are comfortable moving forward in this time of transition.

Starting soon, it’s important to make sure you are taking care of yourself; eating well, trying to get enough rest, exercising, and trying to stay social. Support groups and counselors can be extremely helpful during this time. You will also need to meet with your professional advisors to make sure needed details and changes are taken care of on financial accounts, legal documents, etc. You will work with your financial planner to determine your income and budget needs for yourself going forward during this transition period, determine how cash will flow, etc. Decisions during this time can take months to years to refine and complete.

Later (and depending on the person this can be a few months or a few years since your spouse’s death), you will be able to look forward and visualize your new life and future. You will be able to work with your advisor to create a Bliss List that will include new goals and a plan for your “new normal.” You will determine: how you want to live your life going forward; what makes you feel joyful and fulfilled; and what is on your bucket list that is left undone? 

The devastation that you feel with a loss of a spouse seems insurmountable. With time, self-care, and the help of your financial planner who can hold your hand through the painful transition, for as long as it takes, you will be able to get through this! If you or someone you know has suffered the loss of a spouse and could use our guidance, please contact us at Sandy.Adams@centerfinplan.com.

Sandra Adams, CFP® , CeFT™ is a Partner and Financial Planner at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Sandy specializes in Elder Care Financial Planning and is a frequent speaker on related topics. In addition to her frequent contributions to Money Centered, she is regularly quoted in national media publications such as The Wall Street Journal, Research Magazine and Journal of Financial Planning.

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Opinions expressed are those of Sandra Adams and are not necessarily those of Raymond James. Raymond James Financial Services and its advisors do not provide advice on tax or legal issues, these matters should be discussed with the appropriate professional.

Maximizing your 401k Contributions: Nuances to Save you Money

Contributed by: Nick Defenthaler, CFP®

When we’re first starting our careers, we’re always told to at contribute at least the minimum needed to get the full company match in our 401k plans (typically between 4% and 8%, depending on how your plan is structured).  “Never throw away free money!” is a phrase we use quite often with children of clients who are starting their first job out of college. What about, however, those who are well established in their careers, and are fully maximizing 401k contributions ($18,000 for 2017, $24,000 if you’re over the age of 50)? They shouldn’t have to worry about not receiving their full employer match, right? Well, surprisingly, depending on how your 401k plan is structured at work, the answer could actually be yes!  

Let me provide an example to explain what I’m referring to:

Let’s say Heather (age 54) earns a salary of $400,000 and elects to contribute 10% of her salary to her 401k.  Because Heather has elected to contribute a percentage of her salary to her 401k instead of a set dollar figure, she will actually max out her contributions ($24,000) before the end of August each year.  Let’s also assume that Heather receives a 5% employer match on her 401k – this translates into $20,000/yr. ($400,000 x 5%). If Heather does not have what’s known as a “true up” feature within her plan, her employer would stop making matching contributions on her behalf in August – the point at which she maxed out for the year and contributions stopped. In this hypothetical example, not having the “true up” feature would cost Heather nearly $7,500 in matching dollars for the year!

So how can you ensure that you’re receiving the matching dollars you’re fully entitled to within your 401k? 

The first thing I would recommend is reaching out to your benefits director or 401k plan provider and asking them if your plan offers the “true up” feature.  If it does, you’re in the clear – regardless of when you max out for the year with your contributions, you’ll be receiving the full company match you’re entitled to. 

If your plan does not offer the “true up” feature, and you plan on maximizing your 401k contributions for the year, I’d strongly suggest electing to defer a dollar amount instead of a percentage of your salary. For example, if you’re over 50, and you plan on contributing $24,000 to your 401k this year and you’re paid bi-weekly, it might make sense to elect to defer $923.07 every pay period ($923.07 x 26 pay periods = $24,000). By doing so, you’ll ensure you maximize your benefit by the end of December and not end up like Heather, who maxes out before August and potentially loses out on significant employer matching dollars.  

Subtle nuances such as the “true up” 401k feature exist all around us in financial planning and they can potentially have a large impact on the long-term success of your overall financial game plan. If you have questions on how to best utilize your employer’s 401k or retirement savings vehicle, please don’t hesitate to reach out to us for guidance.

Nick Defenthaler, CFP® is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® Nick works closely with Center clients and is also the Director of The Center’s Financial Planning Department. He is also a frequent contributor to the firm’s blogs and educational webinars.

Examples are hypothetical and are not representative of every employer's retirement plan. Not all employers offer matching 401(k) contributions. Please contact your employer's benefits department or retirement plan provider for terms on potential matching contributions.